Magnetic particle inspection is a non-destructive testing method for ferrous materials. A magnetic field is applied, and particles are sprayed onto the object. Defects cause a distortion in the field, making particles cluster. This method is fast, inexpensive, and can be used on parts in production or in service. Dyes can be added to make particles visible under UV light. Other inspection techniques are available but require extensive training.
Magnetic particle inspection is a non-destructive testing method that can be used in the evaluation of all ferrous materials. Like other forms of non-destructive testing, this method has the advantage of not damaging or compromising the tested materials during the testing process. This method is one of the fastest and least expensive ways to test ferrous materials before certifying them as safe and ready to use.
In a magnetic particle inspection, the object to be tested is surrounded by a magnetic field. Particles suspended in a carrier fluid are sprayed onto the object. If there is a flaw in the object, it will cause a corresponding distortion in the magnetic field which will be easily seen as the particles are drawn towards the distortion. If there are no defects, the particles should remain evenly distributed.
Ferrous metals in a variety of production stages can be subjected to magnetic particle inspection for fatigue cracks, pitting and other problems. This test can be used to evaluate parts and finished products before they go to market as well as be used in the inspection of raw material slabs for defects that could affect future performance.
Even ferrous metal parts in service can be inspected with the use of this technique. Equipment, such as aircraft and production parts, must be regularly inspected for signs of fatigue, strain, and other problems, to confirm that it is safe for use. Magnetic particle inspection is a technique that can be used during an inspection. If a part or machine fails the inspection test, it indicates that additional work is needed to make it safe.
Dyes can be added to the particles to make them easier to see, including dyes that react to ultraviolet light. With ultraviolet sensitive particles, testers can conduct a magnetic particle inspection under UV light and clearly view the particle distribution. Highlighted particles will also photograph well, allowing people to create easy-to-read documentation of inspection results.
Other inspection techniques are available to evaluate ferrous metals. Some of these techniques can be used in addition to magnetic particle inspection for a comprehensive inspection, while others can be used in some circumstances. All of these techniques require extensive training in non-destructive testing to confirm that they are being conducted correctly. If a test is done incorrectly, it can lead to a false negative result, leading people to believe something is safe when it isn’t.
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