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Homicide is the killing of a human by another human, with different definitions and categories in different jurisdictions. In the US, there are six types of homicide, while Finland distinguishes six types of manslaughter. Negligence can be active or passive, and criminal or not, with criminal negligence requiring behavior extraordinarily different from what a normal person would do. Manslaughter can involve unintentional killing due to criminal negligence while performing a lawful act, or death due to gross negligence in medicine or surgery.
Homicide is a broad term for the killing of a human being by another human, although the exact definition and divisions differ in different jurisdictions. In the United States, homicide can be of two categories: criminal or non-criminal. There are six types of homicide that fall into these two categories. A non-criminal homicide can be a justifiable homicide, such as self-defense homicide, or an excusable homicide, such as an accident. Criminal homicide can be first or second degree murder, willful manslaughter or manslaughter, and involuntary manslaughter can be due to recklessness, on the one hand, or something called criminal negligence or manslaughter, on the other.
In contrast, Chapter 21 of the Finnish Criminal Code distinguishes six different types of homicide. They are: manslaughter, manslaughter, manslaughter, infanticide, manslaughter, and manslaughter. Abortion is listed in chapter 22.
While acting “recklessly” in the United States means knowingly ignoring concerns and taking a substantial and unwarranted risk, acting “negligently” means only failing “reasonable care”; that is, negligence is a lesser offense than recklessness. Neither in the case of imprudence nor in the case of negligence is there the malice or premeditation that characterizes the murder.
Neglect can be active or passive and criminal or not. Passive negligence is generally understood to be inaction or failure to comply with a law imposed on everyone. Active negligence, on the other hand, involves an act or failure to observe a law or the performance of a duty which is the person’s own or which he has accepted. A person who is negligent under civil law may not meet the standard of criminal law, because a greater degree of culpability is required. Unlike ordinary negligence, criminal negligence must involve behavior that is extraordinarily different from what a normal person would do.
Manslaughter can involve the unintentional killing that results from criminal negligence while performing a lawful act, often involving a motor vehicle, which may be an automobile or truck, a snowmobile or a boat. It can also include killing that occurs when a misdemeanor or lesser crime is involved. State laws differ, and may, for example, deal with the case of alcohol being involved in a homicide related to a motor vehicle, as in New Hampshire, or unrelated, as in Montana. Manslaughter also covers cases of death due to gross negligence in the practice of medicine or surgery.
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