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Median rhomboid glossitis is a tongue condition that can cause bumps, cracks, and discolorations. It is often mistaken for cancer and is linked to an overgrowth of candida. Antifungal treatments are commonly used, but surgery may be necessary for raised lesions.
Also known as central papillary atrophy, median rhomboid glossitis is one of the skin conditions affecting the organ system. In this case, the affected organ is the tongue, which may appear smooth and inflamed. The condition can also cause bumps, cracks, and discolorations on the tongue. Because of the appearance of the lesions, median rhomboid glossitis is often mistaken for a cancerous tumor. Treatments, other than antifungal treatments, are generally not provided for this condition.
The condition can affect adults, as well as young children and infants. In most cases, the lesions appear towards the center and back of the tongue. The infected area resembles the shape of a rhomboid and is usually no larger than 3/4 inch (about 2 cm). The papillae generally disappear in that particular area, which then causes the tongue to appear smooth and inflamed. The tongue may also appear red, have yellow spots, or have a white coating.
The causes of median rhomboid glossitis are unknown, however, the condition has been linked to an overgrowth of candida. Candida tends to create an environment that generally results in poor oral health as it prevents harmful bacteria from being washed out. Another possible cause could be excessive force exerted by the tongue when speaking or swallowing.
At one point, this condition was believed to be due to a birth defect. The theory, however, has been dismissed because the condition is more commonly discovered in adults. In general, the condition does not appear to be contagious, but in rare cases it can be contracted by an individual with a weak immune system.
Information regarding dietary and lifestyle changes, as well as a medical history can help in the diagnosis of median rhomboid glossitis. Tests may be done to rule out other possible diseases, such as cancer, geographic tongue, and candida. Lack of nutrients and chemical burns are also considered because they can also cause similar lesions to appear on the tongue.
The common treatment of median rhomboid glossitis involves the use of antifungal remedies. These remedies are given in cases where candida is present, as it helps eliminate candida and the inflammation associated with it. Dentures and other mouth appliances are also treated with antifungal treatments to stop the spread of candida. While these treatments can help eliminate candida, they are not always effective in clearing the lesions. Raised lesions can be effectively removed with surgery.
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