Multilevel architecture divides computing functions into separate physical or logical divisions, such as presentation, logic, and data layers. This allows for modular upgrades and changes without affecting other parts of the system. The term “tiered architecture” may imply physically separate components, but logical divisions can also be used. Each layer acts as both client and server, and no segment exceeds its specified tasks.
In computing, “multilevel architecture” is a term applied to an arrangement of components or software in which the different functions required to complete an operation are segmented into separate physical or logical divisions. Each of the segments of the larger architecture is responsible for performing only a certain type of task and is mostly unaware of the inner workings of the surrounding segments that perform different tasks. The most common and basic divisions used in multi-level architecture are the presentation, logic and data levels. The presentation is only responsible for displaying information to a user, and the data layer is only responsible for storing or retrieving data, while the logic layer links the two, applying program logic to user input from the presentation and making sense of the information from the data layer. Large computer systems use a layered architecture because it abstracts the different control flow execution points, allowing you to target different precise components for upgrades, testing or debugging while leaving the remaining modules intact.
Multilevel architecture can also be referred to as multilevel architecture, although there is a difference. In most cases, the use of the term “tiered architecture” implies that the separate components of a system are actually on physically different hardware or servers, whereas a tiered system might just implement different applications running in the same physical space . However, not all multilevel systems use separate hardware; instead, they can only separate functions through logical divisions, such as several partitions on a single disk.
Most multi-tier architectures have three distinct tiers, although there may be more tiers, depending on a system’s needs or configuration. The first layer is known as the presentation layer and is responsible for displaying the information passed to it, as well as providing a way for users to provide input, most commonly through a graphical user interface (GUI). The presentation layer connects to the logical layer, which is the area where user input is evaluated, data is retrieved from the data layer, and any specific processing or computation is performed. The logic layer is more or less what is traditionally considered a standard computer application, although it has no facilities to display output directly and cannot directly receive input from a user.
The data tier is only responsible for writing and reading data and can take the form of a disk array or a relational database management system (RDBMS). While the data tier is responsible for managing data storage and retrieval in a multi-tier architecture configuration, it is not aware of the context of the data and is concerned only with records or disk input and output functions. A distinguishing feature of layers in multi-tier architecture is that no segment exceeds the boundaries of the tasks for which it is specified, so no business logic or data functionality is available in the presentation layer, and the logical layer cannot write files directly or directly access the GUI through which the user is working. All interaction occurs via client-server style communications, with each layer acting in some way as both client and server, depending on the interaction taking place.
One reason why a large computer network might use a multilevel system is because each necessary step in the workflow is modular and can be handled independently of the other parts. This means that the terminals or GUI used by users can be changed without requiring changes to logic or data layers. Likewise, the RDBMS or physical storage units can be changed without affecting anything else. This modularity is very difficult, if not impossible, to achieve with a single tier system where all aspects are welded into one compiled application.
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