Nature poetry focuses on themes, emotions, and images related to nature. Haiku is a common form, with 17 syllables and a focus on natural elements. Figurative language and specific meter and rhyme schemes can be used to write nature poetry.
Nature poetry is a form of writing that primarily focuses on themes, ideas, emotions, situations, or images that have to do with nature or wilderness. Poetry is a type of writing that is written in meter and sometimes in rhyme; meter is essentially a pattern in which individual lines of poetry are written with stressed and unstressed syllables, or with a certain amount of syllables. Some types of nature poetry have no meter or rhyme, but have other characteristics such as figurative language and unique shapes or patterns that make them distinctly poetic.
A common type of nature poetry is haiku. This type of poem is very short and usually focuses on some kind of natural element, such as animals, plants, seasons, and so on. The first line of the haiku is five syllables long; the second verse is seven syllables long; and the third verse of the haiku is five syllables long, which means that the whole poem is 17 syllables in total; in Japanese, the term “on” describes the sounds in the verses, which are different from syllables, although in English, syllables are used to complete the poem. The poem usually features some sort of juxtaposition or confrontation of very different concepts.
Other poetic structures can be used to write poetry about nature, as long as the themes expressed in the poem are connected in some way to the natural world. Poetry can also focus on the human being in relation to nature, rather than simply nature itself. Poets often choose to use figurative language to express thoughts and ideas in poetry; these figurative devices can include similes and metaphors, which are comparisons, or personifications, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and so on.
Poets may also choose to write nature poems with a specific meter and rhyme scheme. One of the most common types of meter is iambic pentameter, which is a line of poetry containing five iambs. An iambus is a combination of an unstressed syllable and a stressed syllable. A line of nature poetry adhering to iambic pentameter might read something like this:
“Leaves must fall in unplanned or constructed paths.”
A gimbo in this line would be, for example, “must fall,” since must is unstressed and fall is stressed. There are five iambics in the line, making the line written in iambic pentameter. Rhyme schemes can also be traced; if, for example, the next line read: “They curve, they bend, they sail, they sink, they lean,” the rhyme scheme would be referred to as an AA rhyme scheme, since the last few words in each line rhyme with each other. AB AB rhyme schemes will have words that rhyme in every other line.
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