New media art encompasses non-traditional art forms, including cyberart, installation art, and bioart. The internet is significant for new media art, allowing for collaboration and exhibition. However, exhibiting new media art can be challenging for museums.
New media art is an umbrella term for all art forms that do not use traditional materials and techniques. The various types of new media art may have little in common with each other despite the use of an experimental medium. The term new media art is constantly being re-evaluated as some media, such as film, tend to become more traditional mediums.
Cyberart is a type of new media art that uses the computer as an expressive medium. Computer software can produce art forms in a variety of ways, with the level of creative input from artists ranging. Some forms of cyberart primarily involve the editing or retouching of photographs or digital versions of traditionally produced artwork. Other methods allow an artist to create images from scratch using a mouse or a special tool that mimics the function of a brush.
The use of the Internet is significant for new media art. Not only does it constitute a new medium in itself, but it can also alter the social dynamics of creating and displaying art. As a medium, the Internet allows for multiple artists to collaborate and provides comprehensive material for inspiration. As a social tool, the Internet allows individuals to both exhibit and view digital art forms.
Installation art is typically a three-dimensional, site-specific type of new media art that is designed to transform the perception of a space. It can be interactive, offering distinct experiences based on a viewer’s activity. Built-in sensors can respond to the user’s temperature, motion, or proximity. There was a spike in interest in interactive installation art following the digital advances of the 1990s.
A new medium for art is living matter. The bioart genre involves materials such as DNA, living cells and tissue. Joe Davis, a research affiliate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the United States, encoded both textual messages and digital images in genetic material. However, the use of biotechnology to create works of art has raised a number of ethical questions. Many believe that genetic engineering should not be used for aesthetic purposes.
Exhibiting new media art can be a significant challenge for art museums, which are better suited to exhibiting traditional paintings, drawings and sculptures. Installation and video art are often found in museums, while interactive internet art and bioart are not typically viewed in the museum setting.
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