Phaseolamin, a natural compound found in kidney beans, inhibits human alpha amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates. It may aid weight control, but further studies are needed. Phaseolus vulgaris produces three types of alpha-amylase inhibitors, with phaseolamin being the first isolated in the 1970s. It is effective against animal alpha-amylases, but not plant or microbial enzymes. The compound reduces the rate of starch breakdown in the digestive tract, leading to decreased sugar absorption and insulin release. It is an ingredient in many weight loss dietary supplements.
Phaseolamin is a natural product produced by kidney beans, Phaseolus vulgaris. This compound acts as an inhibitor of human alpha amylase, a protein that breaks down many carbohydrates in the human diet. Some studies have indicated that phaseolamin could be a useful tool for weight control remedies. It has not been definitively shown to have this effect, but it is an ingredient in many weight loss dietary supplements.
Many plants produce alpha-amylase inhibitors, which are believed to protect plants against insects. Phaseolus vulgaris produces three different types of these inhibitors. Phaseolamin was the first of the three to be isolated in the 1970s. It is a protein with sugars attached to it, known as a glycoprotein. This alpha-amylase inhibitor is effective against animal alpha-amylases, but not against the corresponding microbial or plant enzymes.
Alpha amylase plays an extremely important role in digestion. Carbohydrates make up a significant part of the diet of most humans. Starches, such as rice and pasta, are a major source of carbohydrates and are made up of long chains of glucose. This enzyme breaks down starch into smaller chains that are broken down into glucose and absorbed in the small intestine.
There are two types of alpha amylase. One is a component of saliva. This salivary amylase, or ptyalin, works as soon as people start chewing their food and is partially active after the food is swallowed. Most of the starch is broken down in the small intestine by a pancreatic enzyme. It is the latter alpha amylase that phaseolamin inhibits.
The use of alpha-amylase inhibitors for weight loss fell out of favor in the early 1980s. Interest in these secondary plant metabolites has been renewed in the 21st century as interest in low-carb diets has grown. carbs. Part of this interest stems from advances in protein purification, as these compounds were originally discovered in the 1970s. Instead of crude bean preparations with low phaseolamine concentrations, much more pure samples are now available.
There are several proposed mechanisms of action for phaseolamin. It is believed that it reduces the rate of starch breakdown in the digestive tract, thus reducing the absorption of sugar in the intestine. This effect is believed to cause a decrease in insulin release after a meal. Health professionals recommend not only relying on weight loss supplements, but also incorporating increased exercise and dietary changes. As with all supplements, one should consult with a physician before beginning a new supplemental regimen.
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