Photogrammetry is the process of creating 3D measurements or patterns from 2D images, often used to create digital 3D models of topography, buildings, and objects. It involves analyzing and comparing 2D photographs taken from different angles, and mapping reference points onto the target to triangulate the position of points in relation to each other. Photogrammetry is useful in creating maps, analyzing car accidents, and creating 3D models of film sets.
In most applications, photogrammetry is the process by which two or more two-dimensional (2D) images are translated into three-dimensional (3D) measurements or patterns. It typically involves analyzing and comparing 2D photographs. This process is often used to create digital 3D models of topography, buildings and objects.
The overall goal of the photogrammetry process is to analyze photographs to determine measurements of an object or spatial area. This usually involves two or more images of the same target object being taken from different angles. These photographs can be film or digital. The images can also be scanned into a computer to create a digital image that can make them easier to analyze.
Each photograph typically offers a different field of view. Field of view refers to how much visual information the camera can capture, or how much the camera can see through its lens. This field of view becomes larger or smaller depending on the focal length of the camera and its distance from the object. In photogrammetry, two or more fields of view are superimposed to calculate measurements.
A photogrammetrist usually maps several reference points onto the target which are visible in the available photographs. Using multiple points, camera angles, and fields of view allows you to triangulate the position of points in relation to each other. Triangulating coordinates within 3D space often provides an opportunity to measure objects in the photograph.
As a general rule, the more points that are mapped, the more detailed measurements that can be created. In many cases, photogrammetry can be used to create a 3D model, especially if the entire surface of an object or area can be mapped with reference points. These templates are usually created with a computer.
Photogrammetry is often a useful tool in creating maps. Cartographers and Geographic Information System (GIS) specialists can enlist the help of a photogrammetrist to produce 3D topographic data. This is usually accomplished by analyzing a series of aerial photographs taken from an overlaid flight pattern.
Photogrammetry can also be useful in a variety of industries. For example, images taken of cars involved in an accident can be analyzed to determine the extent of the damage. Also, some film producers take photographs of a location and use photogrammetry to create a 3D model of the set on a computer before shooting a film.
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