Pityriasis is a flat rash that can occur on any part of the body and is not dangerous. There are two forms, rosea and lichenoid, with the latter potentially indicating an autoimmune disease. It can be treated with oatmeal baths, calamine lotion, and antihistamines. Sun exposure may help, but can also worsen the rash. If the rash lasts for more than a few days, it is advisable to see a doctor.
Pityriasis is a flat rash, occurring under the skin, common in older children and young adults. The rash begins as a single oval-shaped mark, sometimes called the herald, that is often missed or misdiagnosed as ringworm. Additional marks begin to form under the skin, usually affecting the trunk and lower body, although the marks can appear on any part of the body.
Although pityriasis causes an unsightly rash, it is not thought to be dangerous. Having a rash that lasts for more than a few days should mean a visit to a doctor when possible, to rule out other, more serious causes of the rash. The rash is usually not uncomfortable or itchy, as the skin is not raised or irritated. However, the rash can be annoying because it can last up to three months.
There are two forms of pityriasis: rosea, described above, and pityriasis lichenoid. Lichenoids can cause desquamation, even if its formation resembles rosea. It also suggests that you may have an autoimmune disease. Those diagnosed with lichenoid will likely need follow-up care and tests to rule out HIV, mononucleosis, and some forms of hepatitis as these may be causative factors.
Both forms of pityriasis can occur without any underlying symptoms and are believed to be viral in origin. Neither form is particularly contagious, although families will occasionally see more than one person with the condition. This is likely the result of exposure to the same viral cause.
Although itching is rare with pityriasis rosea, it can be present in the lichenoid form. The proposed treatments are similar to treatments for rashes such as those received from contact with poison oak or ivy. Oatmeal baths and calamine lotion can be helpful. Antihistamines can also reduce itching and promote better sleep at night.
The rash usually clears up on its own and requires no treatment. However, where autoimmune conditions or other viruses have been found to be precursors to pityriasis lichenoid, various treatments may be employed to address these conditions.
Some suggest that sun exposure can help reduce the length of time you suffer from this condition. Exposure to the sun can also cause the rash to get worse, as the skin may be hypersensitive. Further skin damage can occur from sunburn.
The mildest form, pityriasis rosea, is in most cases simply an annoying and unattractive rash that needs time to improve. If the condition does not improve within the time frame given to one by a doctor, it is advisable to contact the doctor again for further instruction or advice.
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