Radiographic inspection uses x-rays or gamma radiation to evaluate objects for defects. It can be done with film or live inspection, and is non-destructive. Safety precautions must be taken due to radiation exposure.
Radiographic inspection is a non-destructive testing technique used to evaluate objects and components for signs of defects that could interfere with their function. It is accomplished with the use of x-rays, images generated by bombarding the object under inspection with radiation. X-ray and gamma radiographic inspection are the two most common forms of this inspection technique. Materials testing companies often offer their customers radiographic inspections, and some companies have their own inspection facilities for internal inspections.
In radiographic film inspection, the object is mounted in a manipulator with sensitized plates behind it. X-ray or gamma radiation is directed towards the object and the plate is exposed to the radiation which passes through the object. Once developed, the plate reveals an image of what is happening inside the object, in very fine detail. This can be used to identify defects such as cracks, thickness variations, inclusions, bubbles, bad welds and so on.
The downside of using foil is that it takes time. Sometimes, companies prefer to use live inspection, where the x-ray image is displayed on a monitor as a device is moved over the object to be inspected. This method tends to have less clear resolution and does not create a permanent record like film does unless real-time inspection is recorded, which is the case in some cases. The advantage is that it can be done very quickly which can be critical during quick inspection and repair.
Inspection radiography may be required by law for safety reasons, or a business may opt to use this technique to ensure that their products are of high quality. The non-destructive nature is also a plus, as x-ray inspection can be used to evaluate things quickly without needing to take them apart or damage them in the process. For example, when airlines inspect aircraft components such as landing gear, radiographic inspection can be used to look inside to confirm that the components are in good condition.
Special precautions must be followed when performing radiographic inspections, because people can be harmed by radiation exposure. People and equipment must be properly sealed, and the inspection area must be clearly marked with warnings so that people understand that there is a radiation risk. It is also important to follow established protocol for safety, using radiographic inspection equipment as directed and with all safety features up and running.
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