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Reorganization, or redistribution, is used to realign geographic areas within a country to accommodate population changes and efficiently manage the election of representatives. In the US, districts are divided to allow government representatives to function on behalf of citizens. The process can come under attack if it is seen as diluting voting power or reducing costs without providing new benefits.
Reorganization is a process that is used to realign the boundaries of geographic areas within a country. Sometimes referred to as redistribution, the idea behind redistribution is often directly tied to the political process. In many cases, realignment occurs to accommodate population changes within the area as recorded in a census, making it possible to more efficiently manage the election of representatives and other government officials.
In the United States, many areas are divided into so-called districts. In theory, each of these districts contains a reasonable amount of the local population and allows government representatives to function on behalf of citizens residing within the district boundaries. When it comes time to elect new officials, the voting process is done in each district, making it easier for citizens to use a polling site that is within a relatively easy distance from their homes.
When the population within a district undergoes a drastic increase or decrease, it is not uncommon for the municipality to undergo a reorganization process. In this way it is possible to maintain a fair balance of representatives who can adequately defend their constituents in local government processes. When a district experiences a substantial increase in population, the redistricting strategy typically involves splitting an existing district into two entities. In situations where the borough has seen a significant decrease in the number of citizens residing within its boundaries, the redistricting approach often involves eliminating the borough and changing the boundaries of surrounding neighborhoods to accommodate various portions of the now dissolved district.
Responsibility for creating a restructuring plan may be overseen and approved by various government agencies. In some areas, the plan must be approved by a state legislature. In other cases, the plan is formulated and implemented by a bipartisan committee created and empowered to carry out the redeployment. While the actual process varies, the citizens involved are normally kept aware of the impending reorganization and informed of the progress.
While the primary function of reorganization is to ensure that every citizen has sufficient representation in the functioning of local government, the process has come under attack time and time again. In some cases, claims that the redistribution was to dilute the voting power of a portion of the population indicate that the redistribution was not in the citizens’ best interests. In other cases, claims that the redistribution was done in order to reduce costs while providing little or no new benefits to citizens are also common. Requests of this type are usually examined either by specific committees or by existing judicial systems competent for the geographical areas involved in the dispute.
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