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Seismic tomography generates 3D images of the Earth’s interior, using earthquakes or generated waves to create “slices” of images. It can reveal rock formations and is used to study earthquakes and the Earth’s interior. Software programs interpret seismic data quickly for disaster response.
Seismographic tomography is a technique used to generate three-dimensional images of the Earth’s interior. It is often compared to computed tomography (CT), a technique used in medicine to look inside the body. In fact, the two techniques work very similarly, with each method generating a series of “slices,” flat images in a particular plane that are created by reading how energy travels through the area of interest, either be it a body or the Earth.
Two different energy sources can be used for seismic tomography. One is earthquakes, which generate waves that can be picked up with receivers on the surface of the Earth. Using information from a set of receivers, geologists can create a picture of the materials the waves travel through, because the waves will move at different speeds through different types of rock. Seismic tomography can reveal the presence of various rock and soil formations, along with water-filled cavities.
Geologists can also generate waves and listen to their reflection. This technique can be used to collect data from a specific targeted area or to integrate earthquake data to get a more complete picture of an area of interest. The waves can be generated with controlled explosions or devices that vibrate, creating an energy wave that can be traced by its reflections. Just like with a CT scan in the hospital, this type of CT scan creates an image as reflections of energy bounce off the surface.
People can use seismic tomography for all kinds of purposes. Many researchers use it when studying earthquakes to find the earthquake epicenter and to learn more about earthquake damage. It can also be used to learn more about the nature of the Earth’s interior in general; Since it is not possible to look deep into the Earth, seismic tomography is the only way to learn about some topics of interest to geology. Many of the fascinating maps of underground formations and the interior of the Earth used in geology lessons come from seismic tomography.
Data from seismographic equipment is readily available to researchers conducting seismographic tomography studies. A number of software programs are designed to perform the complex mathematical calculations involved in interpreting seismic data. Some of these programs can run extremely quickly, which can be useful when researchers need information quickly to use in disaster response or to keep local officials informed of ongoing geological activity.
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