Sinus inflammation can be caused by allergies, bacterial or fungal infections, and other factors. Treatment depends on the cause and may include antibiotics, antifungal medication, nasal irrigation, or surgery. Simple remedies like humidifying the house and staying hydrated can also help.
Sinus inflammation refers to swelling of the nasal passages. Also, common causes of sinus inflammation include allergies, bacterial infections, and fungal infections. When treating sinus inflammation, it is necessary to find out the exact cause, as the treatment varies depending on the cause. For example, when sinus inflammation is thought to be caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics are generally the treatment of choice.
Sinus inflammation caused by a fungal infection is usually treated with an antifungal medication. Although the symptoms of a bacterial sinus infection and those associated with fungal infections are similar, fungal infections are sometimes more resistant to treatment. Symptoms of a sinus infection include nasal congestion, nasal discharge, and fever. Also, a severe sinus headache may occur, especially when bending over.
Acute sinusitis is also a common cause of sinus inflammation and is caused by a variety of different sources. Allergies can contribute to acute and chronic sinusitis, as can an impaired immune system and some medications. For example, antihistamines, medications that are used for a runny nose, can sometimes dry out the sinuses and cause sinus inflammation. Additionally, medications known as beta-blockers, which reduce high blood pressure, can also cause nasal dryness and inflammation of the sinuses.
Sometimes, sinus swelling responds to nasal irrigation. This procedure refers to flushing the sinuses with a saline solution, or salt, mixed with warm water. The mixture is then poured into each nostril while the head is tilted to one side. When the solution depletes the other sinus, it washes out the sinus cavity, decreasing the bacteria. Nasal irrigation, however, can dry out your sinuses and cause nosebleeds. Before using this method, it is recommended that you first consult a healthcare professional.
When conventional treatment methods have not been effective in controlling sinus swelling and sinusitis, surgery may be indicated. Surgical procedures to drain the sinuses can often bring relief from swollen sinus membranes, however, the surgery may need to be repeated. Also, before surgery, x-rays of the sinuses should be taken to determine if the cause of the inflammation is the result of a blockage such as a nasal polyp or other growth in the sinuses.
Simple remedies like keeping the house well humidified and drinking enough water can sometimes cause a reduction in symptoms. Eating a healthy diet and getting enough exercise can support healthy immune function, which can sometimes prevent sinus infections and allergic reactions. Individuals should talk to their doctors, who can recommend an appropriate healthy eating program and exercise plan.
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