Social reconstruction is a philosophy that promotes peaceful coexistence and unity through non-violent methods to resolve disputes. It aims to address past abuse through reconciliation and strengthen appreciation of differences. The theory suggests the development of a national identity through cooperative communities to prevent violence. Education is key to understanding shortcomings and creating societies based on justice for all. The Progressive Education Movement emerged in the 1890s to address social reconstruction efforts.
Social reconstruction defines a philosophy that promotes peaceful coexistence and unity within a population by using non-violent methods to resolve disputes. It aims to address past abuse through reconciliation and strengthen appreciation of the differences between people in a community. The main theory behind social reconstruction suggests the development of a national identity through cooperative communities to prevent people from resorting to violence when differences arise.
These philosophies emerged in the early 1900s as countries faced the social turmoil caused by World War I. The trauma suffered during the war led to a search for pacifism and a discussion of the ideals of international respect between countries. War reparations were a form of reconciliation included in peace treaties.
Social reconstruction promotes social recovery after conflict by sharing a vision for the future based on mutual respect, the reduction of prejudices and a greater understanding of human frailties. Proponents of the theory believe that wounds can be healed when the concept of human rights becomes the core of any community. They also profess the way to safeguard world peace through tolerance after a war has broken out.
The survival of society is threatened by traditional problem solving methods, according to the theories of reconstruction of the time. When cohesive communities share a vision for peace and equality after conflict, they prevent future disputes, they believe. Many who have worked for social reconstruction have touted education as the key to helping people understand their shortcomings and create societies based on justice for all.
Social reconstruction identifies many evils that must be addressed to create healthy societies. They include racism, poverty, unemployment, crime, and political corruption, among others. National institutions are not effective in addressing or recognizing how these problems could lead to the disappearance of entire populations, the theory states.
The solution promoted the re-education of citizens until they understood their contribution to fragmented communities, were able to imagine a society without these problems, and made their visions a reality. The Progressive Education Movement emerged in the 1890s to address social reconstruction efforts. It promoted citizen participation by transforming individual preferences into ideals based on respect, compassion and equality.
This child-centered form of education peaked in the 1930s, during the Great Depression in the United States. Educators have begun to foster independent thinking and creativity in problem solving. Progressive education replaced previous teaching methods using rote memorization and obedience to authority as primary concepts.
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