Spin casting uses centrifugal force to make castings from a rubber mold. Materials used include thermosetting plastic and metal alloys, with low viscosity and malleability at low temperatures. A spin casting machine ensures uniform speed and safety. Prior to casting, a melting furnace prepares the metal and a vulcanizer prepares the mold.
Spin casting is a way of making castings from a rubber mold using centrifugal force. It is sometimes called centrifugal rubber mold casting. The casting material is usually thermosetting plastic or a metal alloy, although technically any low viscosity material with a low melting point would work. Rotary casting is done using a rotary casting machine. A vulcanizing machine is used to prepare the mold before casting and a melting furnace prepares the metal to be poured into the mould.
Centrifugal force is the outward force that exists when something is rotated. Many carnival rides depend on centrifugal force to pin riders against a wall or seat as the carousel rotates at high speed around a central axis. In rotary casting, the mold is spun at a set speed. When the casting material is poured into the mould, it is subjected to the action of centrifugal force, distributing the material on the mould. The spinning must continue until the casting material solidifies; otherwise the strength and therefore the shape will be lost.
Both metal and plastic can be used as materials for spin casting. Operators have created special metal alloys that are ideal for use in spin casting. To function properly, the material must be malleable at low temperatures. High temperatures would cause the rubber mold to degrade and break or lose its shape. Rotary casting materials must also have a low viscosity, meaning that the material flows with little resistance. For example, water has a low viscosity, while molasses has a much higher viscosity.
Operators use a spin casting machine to ensure uniform speed and smooth motion during spin casting. A spinning wheel is basically a box that encloses a motor and a locking system. The box holds hot molding material from escaping the mold harming operators or other workers who may be nearby. The clamping system holds the mold in place as it spins at a predetermined speed.
Prior to spin casting the metal, an operator uses a smelting furnace to prepare the metal for melting. The melting furnace must have precise temperature control to avoid overheating the metal before it is placed in the mold. A vulcanizer is used to prepare the silicone molds for use in casting. Apply even pressure to the mold while maintaining high temperatures. This process takes several hours, but it is essential to cure the silicon to avoid deformation of the mold due to centrifugal forces.
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