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Tension force is important in construction and engineering. It causes an object to stretch or move through pulling. Materials must be selected carefully to avoid excessive stress and failure.
An understanding of strength and how it affects an object or material is important in construction of any kind. The three main types of mechanical forces are pull, push, and shear. Tension, or tensile force, is an example of tensile force and is typically measured in pounds (lbs) or Newtons (N). Tensile force plays a role in many applications in physics, mechanical engineering, and civil engineering.
An effective way to help understand this mechanism is to use the example of a rope or a cable. You cannot use a rope to push an object across a flat surface. Ropes, ropes, cables and chains are used where traction force is required. Hanging a weight on the end of the rope will pull the rope. The pulling force created by the weight is called the pulling force.
In this example, the tension force will act on opposite ends of the rope and pull it taut. The force is applied in the direction of the rope. Objects at both ends of the rope will experience a pulling force equal to the tension force. Similarly, mechanical components used to support and reinforce bridges and buildings are commonly exposed to this type of force. These include objects such as cables, wires, support columns and beams.
Tensile loading will cause a material to stretch or stretch. A very flexible object, such as a rubber band, will stretch greatly when a tensile force is applied. Less flexible materials, such as plastics and steel, also stretch when tensile force is applied, but in much smaller amounts.
Force and motion are related through Newton’s first law of motion. This law states that a body will remain at rest, or in uniform motion, unless forced to change that state by a force applied to it. A tensile force will cause an object to move through the pulling action. Newton’s law is illustrated using a simple example of a child’s wagon stationary on a flat surface. The wagon will remain stationary until an external force is applied to the handle, causing the wagon to move.
When a force is applied, it will cause internal stresses in the material. If the force is high enough, the internal stress can become excessive and cause permanent stretching or complete failure to occur. Understanding the stress created by an applied tensile force is very important when selecting materials for mechanical engineering and design applications. The applied force must be low enough to avoid internal stresses which can cause permanent deformation or failure.
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