The Kappa number measures the amount of lignin in pulp and determines how much bleach is needed for white paper. A standardized test with potassium permanganate solution is used to determine the number, which is important for plant efficiency and batch papermaking. Techniques like washing pulp can lower the number, and records are kept to monitor quality and identify problems.
The Kappa number is a rating of how much lignin is in the pulp, which determines how much bleach should be added to it if the target is a white processed paper product. High Kappa numbers require more bleach, while lower numbers have less lignin and need less bleach. This number is also known as the pulp brightness measurement and should be checked regularly in a paper mill as the plant processes and generates pulp.
A standardized test can be used to determine the kappa number. Standardization helps ensure that results are consistent and easily understood across all platforms; a Kappa number of 10%, for example, is an absolute number that provides meaningful information. These numbers can be reported in discussions of plant efficiency and systems, and are also important for records associated with batch papermaking. Plants need consistent charts because consumers rely on a standard brightness in the products they buy.
To measure the Kappa number, a paper mill can do a test with a potassium permanganate solution. Determine how much solution, in millilitres, is absorbed by one gram of pulp. This allows the company to calculate and report the Kappa number. A paper mill may have numerous test stations to check the pulp as it moves through the processing steps and can keep continuous records on its pulp and paper batches.
Grinders can use a variety of techniques to lower the Kappa number and reduce the amount of bleach they need, including things like washing the pulp to remove excess lignin. These processes can increase processing time and require close monitoring to ensure they are running as efficiently and effectively as possible. Companies that build machinery and develop processes for the paper industry are looking for ways to reduce the kappa numbers and periodically release new products with improved functionality in this area.
Kappa number records are typically kept with other production-related records. A paper mill can use it to determine the performance of different types of lumber during pulping and to monitor the quality of its projects. If a business starts producing inconsistent pulp and paper, you can check the logs to find out where the problem is originating from and how to address it. Poorly maintained machines can be a potential cause, as they may operate less effectively and therefore remove less lignin during the pulping and processing procedures.
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