The National Security Council (NSC) is a US agency that oversees domestic, foreign, and military policy. Established in 1947, it requires certain members but the president can choose others. The NSC coordinates with other agencies on issues such as terrorism and narcotics. It historically focuses on foreign policy and crisis management, with military policy playing a role in every issue. The NSC decides whether to use military force to achieve foreign policy goals.
The National Security Council (NSC) is a United States agency concerned with matters affecting national security. It was established by the National Security Act of 1947 and added to the executive branch of government in 1949. The National Security Act requires the president, vice president, secretary of state and secretary of defense to be part of the NSC, but the president elects the national security adviser and can choose to include anyone he deems fit. For example, President Barack Obama’s NSC in 2010 included statutory members required by law plus the secretary of the Treasury, assistant to the president for national security affairs, and director of national intelligence.
NSC is a dynamic agency that has changed significantly over time due to the preferences of each president. In addition to overseeing the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the National Security Council discusses and implements domestic policy, foreign policy, and military policy. More often than not, these three areas overlap and mix due to the large role the United States plays in the international community.
Policy advice on law enforcement has typically been a common issue for the National Security Council. The NSC coordinates with the Department of Homeland Security, the Office of Drug Control and other agencies on issues involving both domestic and foreign policy, such as terrorism and the narcotics trade. In particular, these types of policies are aimed at the laws of the United States. For example, the Patriot Act, which was signed in 2001 under President George W. Bush and extended during Obama’s presidency, gives government agencies the right to electronically screen Americans suspected of illegal activities that threaten national security.
Historically, the National Security Council has focused on foreign policy issues. Members discuss and advise the president on a variety of foreign affairs matters, such as diplomacy, international cooperation, and international economics. The NSC has also been involved in crisis management since the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis in the administration of President John F. Kennedy.
When foreign policy issues are discussed within the National Security Council, military policy almost always plays into every issue. In addition to keeping abreast of military threats from other nations, the NSC discusses the use of force to implement desired foreign policy goals. Military intelligence review helps the NSC decide whether to use preemptive, preemptive, or offensive military action or not to use the United States military in any way.
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