The pet food industry produces food for pets, livestock, and working animals. It began in the 19th century and has grown to offer a wide range of products, including organic and prescription foods. The industry sources raw materials in various ways and must meet nutritional requirements and safety regulations.
The pet food industry is a manufacturing industry that deals with the production of pet foods. Many companies also produce feed for livestock and working animals, and may be part of larger companies that produce other veterinary and human products. Like other industries involved in food production, it is subject to government regulation for health and safety reasons.
Commercial pet food was a 19th century development. Prior to this point, people fed pets with food they had available around the house. In the early 20th century, several companies began manufacturing and marketing pet foods on a large scale, promoting them for health and convenience and creating a growing industry. The pet food industry today comprises a collection of companies offering a wide range of products including organic, raw and vegan pet foods of various qualities. Some companies also produce prescription pet foods for pets on special diets.
Manufacturers use research personnel to develop and test new flavors. Researchers work on a variety of topics, from balanced nutrition for pets to identifying new market areas. Veterinarians can also play a role in the pet food industry as they can participate in product testing and recommend food to their customers. Prescription foods are often sold exclusively through veterinary offices, and the pet food industry works to maintain good relationships with veterinarians and other pet care professionals.
Pet food production includes wet, soft and dry foods, as well as treats. Many companies produce a range of products at different price points to appeal to consumers, with the aim of offering foods for different life stages and needs. Companies in the pet food industry source raw materials for their products in various ways. Historically, companies made pet food from waste material from slaughterhouses and processing plants, and the quality could be questionable. Some companies continue to use inexpensive, discarded meats, while others may source their meat through other places for premium products.
Typically, pet food also includes fillers such as grain, corn, and vegetables. By law in many countries, pet food must meet basic nutritional requirements, as it may be the only food source for an animal and vitamin and mineral deficiencies could pose a health risk. Pet food is also subject to inspection for contaminants ranging from toxic chemicals to bacteria and may be subject to recalls if people identify safety issues with a particular batch of food.
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