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Thermal analysis studies temperature change in materials, including mass, size, volume, stiffness, damping, heat transfer, and temperature. Researchers use standardized temperature formats and different environments, such as air or inert gas, to conduct experiments. Polymers, metals, and food are all studied to determine the best use and handling.
The branch of materials science known as thermal analysis is the study of temperature change within the properties of materials. Using this method several properties are studied including mass, size, volume, stiffness, damping, heat transfer and temperature. Other concepts may also be employed within the method, determining how temperature relates to light and sound. The main purpose of the whole discipline is to find out how temperature affects other aspects of physics.
When conducting experiments with thermal analysis, researchers generally check the temperature in a standardized format. This is achieved by maintaining, increasing or decreasing the temperature at a constant rate or by working with a variety of different predetermined temperatures. Adjustments can be made for different research techniques using oscillating temperatures.
The environment is also an important key to correctly conducting thermal analysis. The atmosphere that surrounds and permeates the researched element can have drastic effects on the technical results. Some of the more common environments in which to study thermodynamics include general air or an inert gas such as nitrogen or helium. This allows for minimal impact on heat transfer results and other elements within the study.
Thermal analysis of polymers is one of the largest research areas in the field. This comes in the form of both raw materials and packaging of everyday use and household products. Raw materials can be studied with the addition of various elements such as colorants and stabilizers to determine what may be the best use for the materials. Packaging and products are tested to identify resistance to the environment and the possible events that occur on a daily basis.
Within metals, different manufacturing techniques are studied to determine the best way to use and create materials such as cast iron, aluminum alloys, copper alloys and steels. To conduct this research, a sample of the liquid metal must be obtained. It is then monitored through its cooling process in a container which identifies various aspects of thermal analysis. This allows for more efficient materials handling and can help determine which processes are best for a particular metal.
Thermal analysis is essential for the proper production, transportation, storage, safety and preparation of food throughout the industry. The various techniques used by the researchers are evaporation, pasteurization, freezing and cooking. Studies need to be conducted on all food supplies to determine the best way to store that food from farm to fork. For example, a frozen boxed dinner needs to be held at a certain temperature until it’s ready to eat. It also needs to be cooked for a specific amount of time to make sure all the bacterial elements are gone.
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