Urosepsis is a serious infection caused by a urinary tract infection spreading to the bloodstream, which can be fatal if left untreated. Elderly women, those with indwelling catheters, and kidney stone patients are at increased risk. Treatment involves antibiotics and supportive care. Prevention includes following hygiene recommendations and seeking prompt treatment for UTIs.
Urosepsis is a serious secondary infection that occurs when a urinary tract infection spreads to the bloodstream. People with urosepsis have bacteria in their blood. If left untreated, this can be potentially fatal. Because of the risk of urosepsis, people are usually advised to get prompt treatment for UTIs, especially if they are part of a population that is at increased risk for secondary infections that result from UTIs. If the condition is suspected, treatment should be aggressive and prompt to minimize complications.
A urinary tract infection involves bacteria in the urinary tract that can cause symptoms such as difficulty urinating or painful urination. Sometimes, the infection travels to the kidneys, causing lower back pain and fever. If the infection enters the bloodstream, people may develop a rapid heartbeat and high fever as their bodies attempt to fight off the bacteria in the blood. Other symptoms include chills and confusion. Urosepsis can eventually cause serious damage to the heart, which in turn can damage the brain because the brain may not be getting the oxygen it needs.
The elderly, especially women, are at increased risk for a secondary infection after developing a urinary tract infection. People with indwelling catheters may also be more prone to bloodstream infections and are more generally at risk for urinary tract infections. Kidney stones can also be a risk factor. People who have kidney stones may be screened for urosepsis if a doctor suspects a secondary infection may be occurring.
The patient’s history and symptoms are often sufficient for a diagnosis, especially in combination with a high white blood cell count indicating an active infection. Blood can also be cultured to determine which bacteria are responsible. The treatment is antibiotics to kill the bacteria in the blood. Supportive care can also be provided if the patient has a high fever or other symptoms that could cause complications.
The best way to avoid urosepsis is to avoid UTIs altogether by taking steps that reduce your risks, such as following hygiene recommendations. Sometimes, however, despite someone’s best efforts, an infection sets in. In such cases, patients should go to the doctor to get appropriate treatment before the infection has a chance to spread. People who experience symptoms such as a burning sensation when urinating, frequent need to urinate, painful urination, and discolored urine should see a doctor for an evaluation.
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