Uvulitis is inflammation and enlargement of the uvula, which can cause sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and breathing problems. It can be caused by infections, allergies, or irritants, and treatment varies depending on the cause. In severe cases, the uvula may need to be surgically removed.
Uvulitis is inflammation and enlargement of the uvula. This small, dangling piece of oral tissue is located at the back of the throat and can easily be seen when the mouth is open. Touching the uvula activates the gag reflex, and if the tissue is swollen, a person may constantly feel vomiting. The condition normally goes away within 24 hours, but if it persists more than a day, an individual should see a healthcare professional so it can be evaluated.
Symptoms of uvulitis usually start with a sore throat. A person may later notice pain when trying to swallow food or liquid. The uvula can become so enlarged that it touches the back of the throat or the tongue, and this can cause a feeling of a lump in the throat or trigger the gag reflex. Airflow through the throat can be restricted by a swollen uvula, causing breathing problems. Snoring can cause this problem or become more noticeable when the uvula is inflamed.
Many different factors can cause inflammation. The most common cause is a viral or bacterial infection, although an allergic reaction to an inhaled allergen can cause life-threatening swelling. A person should seek emergency medical treatment if allergic uvulitis is suspected.
Other possible causes have not been proven. Cigarette smoke is believed to cause irritation to the mucous membrane that covers the body of the uvula. The delicate lining can also catch fire after breathing in hot, dry air. The restricted movement of air during snoring is thought to cause a swollen uvula.
Treatment of uvulitis varies depending on the source of the inflammation. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection. Viral infections are treated symptomatically, and an antiseptic oral spray may be used to numb the sore uvula and prevent the growth of other microbes. Corticosteroids and an antihistamine may be prescribed to further reduce inflammation. Some people gargle with salt water for 15 to 20 seconds to act as an antiseptic pain reliever.
The uvula may need to be surgically removed if it becomes inflamed and enlarged repeatedly over time, and this is done during a procedure called a uvulectomy. Uvula removal is recommended to treat obstructive sleep apnea and reduce snoring. After uvulectomy, pain relievers and antibiotics may be prescribed for up to ten days. Cold food, such as ice cream, can make the healing period more comfortable.
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