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Vascular resistance is affected by the diameter, length, and viscosity of blood vessels. Vasoconstriction increases resistance, and there are two types: systemic and pulmonary. High blood pressure is caused by increased vascular resistance or cardiac output and can lead to serious conditions. Medications and lifestyle changes can help manage hypertension.
Vascular resistance describes the degree to which the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system – the arteries, capillaries and veins – affect blood flow to various organs in the body. The main characteristics that determine the amount of resistance are the diameter and length of the vessels and the viscosity, or thickness, of the blood. Of these three factors, the diameter of the vessel is the most significant.
Vasoconstriction, which is the constriction or narrowing of the diameter of blood vessels, increases vascular resistance in much the same way that hose and faucet nozzles restrict and consequently increase the pressure of water flowing through a vessel. tube or hose. The two types of vascular resistance are systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance.
Regulation of pulmonary vascular resistance refers to blood flow within the lungs. The tension within the vessels that supply all organs of the body except the lungs is called systemic resistance. Systemic resistance is sometimes referred to as peripheral vascular resistance.
Often referred to as the “silent killer,” high blood pressure, or high blood pressure, affects millions of people around the world. Many are not even aware of the condition until it has advanced to a serious state. Hypertension is caused by an increase in systemic vascular resistance or an increase in cardiac output, which is measured by heart rate and blood volume. The volume of blood pumped and the degree of narrowing of the blood vessels determine the increase in blood pressure.
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to many serious conditions, such as heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, congestive heart failure, and kidney dysfunction. It can also lead to myocardial infarction, vision loss, memory impairment and even death. Most of the time, high blood pressure can be treated successfully with a combination of medications and lifestyle changes.
Healthcare professionals use a variety of drugs to counter the effects of increased vascular resistance that leads to hypertension. Some of these include alpha blockers, angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics, renin inhibitors, and vasodilators.
When paired with certain changes, these medications can often bring blood pressure back within an acceptable range. These changes include adopting a diet that includes less fat, less sodium, and more fiber; develop a consistent exercise routine; stop smoking; lose weight; and reducing stress. It is believed that the effects of hypertension can be significantly reduced, if not eliminated, by adopting these lifestyle practices early in life.
