Vitreous detachment occurs when the vitreous humor detaches from the retina, causing visual disturbances such as flashes of light and floaters. Although it is common in older people, it can lead to retinal detachment and vision loss if left untreated. Treatment is usually not necessary, but monitoring for signs of retinal tears or detachment is important.
Vitreous detachment is an eye condition that occurs when the eye’s vitreous humor detaches from the retina. This condition causes visual disturbances such as flashes of light and glassy floaters. Although vitreous detachment does not normally cause long-term vision problems, there is a small chance that retinal detachment will occur, which can lead to vision loss. This eye condition is relatively common, particularly in older people. About 75% of people over 65 experience symptoms of detachment. People who experience detachment in one eye are at a higher risk of developing the condition in the other eye.
The eye is filled with a substance called vitreous gel or vitreous humor. The gel is 99% water, with proteins and collagen making up the remaining 1%. This substance helps the eye keep its shape. As age increases, the viscous gel becomes more and more liquid, which can lead to shrinkage of the gel. As a result, the outer part of the gel mass may begin to detach from the retina of the eye.
The detachment of the vitreous mass leads to slight visual disturbances. Flashes of light are very common in this eye condition; these occur because the retina is stimulated by the traction of the vitreous gel as it detaches. Vitreous floaters occur due to altered viscosity of the gel, leading to the formation of tiny specks and threads of matter that cast shadows on the retina.
Vitreous detachment in itself is not harmful and does not cause loss of vision. When the vitreous humor first detaches, it is common to experience a sudden rush of flashes of light and glassy floaters. The frequency of symptoms normally decreases within about six months, but most people still experience low levels of floaters and flashes of light. In a small number of cases, vitreous detachment can cause a tear in the retina. If left untreated, this condition can lead to retinal detachment, which can cause temporary or permanent vision loss.
Treatment for vitreous detachment is usually not necessary. Floats and flashes of light can be irritating in some situations, but they aren’t harmful in and of themselves. People who have this eye condition should, however, be monitored for signs of retinal tears or retinal detachment. Symptoms to look out for include a sudden and marked increase in flashes of light or floaters, or blurring of vision in the affected eye. These signs may indicate a retinal tear or detachment, and treatment should be obtained promptly.
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