Vitreous separation is a natural process that occurs with age, but can put patients at risk for retinal tears or detachment. Regular eye exams can detect early signs of complications and prompt treatment can preserve vision. Taking steps early in life can slow degeneration and maintain overall health.
Vitreous separation is a natural process that occurs with age when the vitreous, the clear fluid that fills the eye, shrinks and moves away from the retina, the structure at the back of the eye. The glassy separation itself is benign and not a cause for concern. However, it can put a patient at risk for retinal tears or retinal detachment, both of which can lead to vision loss. For this reason, patients with signs of vitreous separation are closely monitored for any signs of developing complications.
When people are born, their eyes are filled with vitreous, also called the vitreous humor. Over time, the vitreous shrinks and becomes more stringy and fibrous. In people over 50, this narrowing starts to become pronounced, and people over 80 are very prone to developing vitreous separation. As the vitreous moves away from the retina, people usually notice flashes and floaters in their eyes, and these can be distracting or irritating.
The concern is that as the vitreous moves away from the retina, the fibrous material can pull on the retina. The retina is delicate and cannot withstand much force. As a result, it may tear and in some cases it may come off completely. Both of these events can cause varying degrees of vision damage and can put a patient at risk of blindness.
As people age, regular eye exams should be conducted to check overall eye health and prescribe vision corrective devices if needed. If vitreous separation begins to develop, the eyes may be checked for early signs of retinal tears. Prompt treatment can repair tears and preserve vision for the patient. Patients should be aware that tears often form in the corner of the retina and that they may not be aware of their vision loss without an eye exam to assess retinal health.
Body systems eventually wear out with age and use. Vitreous shrinkage is just one example. Taking steps early in life can slow the rate of degeneration and keep people more comfortable as they get older. Eating a balanced diet, having regular medical tests to identify risks and problems early, and following medical treatment recommendations can keep people healthy for longer. People should also be aware that some degenerations have genetic components. If there is a family history of a problem that tends to appear with age, it should be discussed with a doctor to see if there are any special measures that can be taken.
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