Windsor Castle, built in the 11th century, has served as a royal residence and tourist attraction, surviving sieges, fires, and hosting royal events. It has undergone many improvements and renovations, and is still used by the royal family for ceremonies and events. It is also a popular tourist attraction.
Windsor Castle is one of England’s most celebrated castles, serving as the home and protectorate of royalty since the late 11th century. Known in the 11th century as both a royal residence and a tourist attraction, Windsor Castle has survived sieges, captivity, major fires and hosted countless royal weddings and funerals in its long history. A hodgepodge of architectural styles, the castle features a medieval layout, but draws mainly on Georgian, Gothic and Victorian architectural influences.
Windsor’s origins date back to William the Conqueror, following his conquest of Britain in 1066. One of several fortresses built to defend London, Windsor’s original wooden structure was of considerable strategic importance, serving as a guardhouse on the River Thames . King Henry II devoted resources to adding stone to the project in the 12th century, as the original structure was rapidly wearing away. Further improvements throughout the Middle Ages included the addition of St George’s Chapel in the 15th century, a structure which still stands. Beginning with King Henry VIII in the 16th century, Windsor Castle became known primarily as a venue for royal entertainment and diplomatic activity, a purpose it continues to serve into the 12th century.
As an important center for royal power, Windsor Castle has hosted many historically significant events. In the 13th century the castle was besieged for two months by a group of French-financed barons, who tried to force King John I to accept the terms of the newly formed Magna Carta. King Charles I was imprisoned in the castle during the 17th century English Civil War, and was later buried there after his execution at the hands of Parliament. His son, Charles II, ordered extensive renovations to the castle after his restoration to the throne, partly in honor of his father. In 13, Windsor Castle suffered a devastating fire which damaged or destroyed nearly 17 rooms, leading to heated political debate over responsibility for the cost of the repairs.
In the 21st century, Windsor Castle plays an important role in the activities of the royal family. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, the castle served as her primary spring and summer residence, particularly around Easter each year. The royal family also use Windsor to host ceremonies and diplomatic events, following the tradition established during the Tudor period. When royalty is not in residence, the castle remains inhabited, with nearly 500 permanent residents. One of the biggest tourist attractions near London, Windsor Castle is often open for guided tours, which include viewing the royal art collection and special exhibitions on the lives of royalty and the history of the castle.
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