Xerotic eczema is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by exposure to dry conditions, commonly occurring in winter. Treatment options include improving the environment, using moisturizers, and medication. It is primarily a cosmetic concern and not contagious or dangerous.
Xerotic eczema is a dermatological condition characterized by dry, cracked skin. Like other forms of eczema, xerotic eczema is a chronic inflammatory condition. Many people experience eczema at various times in their lives and for some patients it can become a recurring health problem. There are a number of treatments available for xerotic eczema, some of which can be obtained over the counter.
The term “xerotic” means dry, and this form of eczema is in fact caused by exposure to dry conditions. It commonly happens in the winter when people are in heated rooms with low humidity and is sometimes called winter eczema or desiccation dermatitis. People in desert climates may also be at risk, as well as people who work in humid environments. While this may seem counterintuitive, water is actually very drying for the skin because it strips the oils in the outer layers and leaves the skin vulnerable to breakouts.
There are several angles of attack that can be taken to deal with xerotic eczema. One option is to improve the environment. Using a humidifier can make the environment more humid, supporting the skin and preventing dryness. People can also take shorter baths and showers and use intensive moisturizers immediately afterwards to keep the skin moist and supple. Deep moisturizers and bath oils are available in many drug and body care stores, and sometimes a few weeks of careful over-the-counter treatment will resolve the cracked, dry, flaky skin characteristic of xerotic eczema.
For patients with eczema that has progressed or is painful, medications may be needed. Topical steroid ointments can be used to suppress the immune responses that contribute to eczema, while also hydrating and soothing the skin. Oral medications can also be used to control eczema, depending on the severity of the patient’s case. A dermatologist may also evaluate a patient if the irritated skin is actually the result of contact dermatitis, an infection, or another skin problem that moisturizer alone can’t fix.
Xerotic eczema is not contagious or dangerous. It is primarily a cosmetic concern, with some patients feeling uncomfortable as their skin is red, scaly, and bumpy during an outbreak. People with recurring eczema may want to consult a dermatologist about more aggressive treatment options that can limit and prevent outbreaks. It may also be helpful to be evaluated for allergies and other health problems that could be exacerbating eczema.
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