Zygomycosis is a life-threatening infection caused by exposure to zygomycota phylum fungi, commonly affecting those with compromised immunity. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the infection and may include respiratory and neurological issues. Prompt treatment with antifungal drugs and surgery is essential for survival.
Zygomycosis is a potentially life-threatening infection that commonly affects individuals with compromised immunity. Resulting from exposure to the zygomycota phylum fungi, zygomycosis is a relatively common condition affecting the respiratory system and neurological function. Possessing a high mortality rate, prompt treatment is essential for survival and often involves the administration of intensive antifungal drug therapy.
Individuals who develop zygomycosis, also known as mucormycosis, exhibit a variety of symptoms that can progressively affect different body systems depending on the location of the initial infection. When the fungal infection settles in the lungs, known as pulmonary zygomycosis, individuals may experience fever, congestion, and shortness of breath. The skin manifestations of the infection often cause the affected skin to become hard, discolored, and tender. If the infection settles in one’s organs, it often induces fever and discomfort in the affected area, such as the kidneys. Other symptoms associated with this infection include impaired sensory perception and cognition, seizures, and fatigue.
Because most exposures are by inhalation, symptoms of zygomycosis often present in the sinuses before the infection becomes established or migratory. The development of zygomycosis symptoms may initially present with mild congestion that can mimic that experienced with a seasonal allergy. When the infection remains in the sinuses, a rhinocerebral infection can develop which, if left untreated, can lead to blindness, blood clots and neurological damage.
Due to the ubiquitous nature of the phylum zygomycota fungus, many people come into contact with some presentation every day without even realizing it and without developing an infectious response. Primary players in the decomposition process, phylum zygomycota fungi can be found in different areas, such as in the kitchen on moldy bread or outside in a pile of leaves destined for composting. Most individuals who acquire zygomycota phylum-induced infection already have compromised immunity due to the presence of a chronic condition, such as diabetes or HIV/AIDS.
After an initial physical exam, a doctor typically orders further tests if they suspect mucormycosis. Imaging tests, including a computed tomography (CT) scan, may be done to further evaluate the condition and function of the affected area. Individuals presenting with zygomycosis skin may undergo a skin biopsy to confirm the presence of zygomycota phylum fungi.
Treatment of zygomycosis depends on the location and severity of the infection. Individuals generally receive intravenous administration of aggressive drug and antifungal therapy to rid their system of fungal existence and infection. The presence of tissue decay requires surgery to remove the affected tissue, prevent the spread of infection and increase the chances of survival. Due to the aggressiveness of the infection, prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent complications and premature death.
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