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A sound card processes audio files for high-quality playback through a computer’s speakers. It can handle various audio file formats and has input/output ports, including a line-in port for external devices and a microphone port. Advanced cards have more versatility and software programs for editing and recording. Motherboards may have built-in sound cards, but third-party components are available for superior quality.
A sound card is an internal computer component that processes audio files to provide high-quality playback through the computer’s speakers. It plays voice and music files and can handle various audio file formats, including .wav, .mp3 and .cda to name but a few. The quality of your sound card and speakers both affect the overall audio quality of your computer system. The typical card has an interface available on the back of the computer with various input and output ports, including the speaker plug.
Most cards also have a line-in port for listening or recording from an external device such as a digital audio player. If your source device doesn’t have a line-out port for connecting to your sound card, you can run a stereo cable from the headphone jack on the source device to the line-in port on the card. Software configurations may be required to hear device playback.
A microphone port is also included. By connecting an external microphone, you can record your notes, lectures, daily personal logs, audio blogs or podcasts. For private listening, each card features a headphone jack, providing the perfect way to enjoy MP3s, DVDs or other audio files without disturbing others.
A sound card usually comes with proprietary software and drivers, although standard Microsoft® operating systems automatically detect and load drivers for popular cards. The software interfaces with the board to allow the user to set parameters and controls and to carry out checks on the hardware. It could also be equipped with tools for recording, mastering, editing or composing.
Advanced devices come with greater versatility for audiophiles. The card may include a digital audio port, a midi interface, or Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (SPDIF) input/output ports. Some include a front bay interface that might feature a second line input, instrument ports for recording original music, a headphone jack with its own volume control, Firewire®, or other options. Having these ports on the front of the computer in a bay, rather than on the back, is very convenient for using the computer as a personal recording studio.
Typically, more expensive sound cards come with advanced software programs for editing and recording. They also support surround sound for a high quality audio experience. This is important for both audiophiles and gamers.
Many motherboards today have built-in sound cards. These can be disabled to use a separately purchased and installed superior third-party card, although the built-in device is probably adequate for the less fanatical about sound quality. Third-party components are available wherever computer components are sold.
