Current transducers convert AC or DC electrical current signals into analog instrumentation signals for industrial control systems. They are important for running high-power machinery and processes. Transducers convert electrical energy into other forms of energy and are used in audio speakers and pressure transducers. Current transducers were extensively used in computerized process plants in the […]
A D-ring is a hardware used as an attachment device, often attached to straps, chains, cords, or ropes. They are made of different materials and used in industrial settings, pickup trucks, and as trailer hitch designs. Carabiners are a type of D-ring used for rock climbing and other outdoor activities. A D-ring is a piece […]
Concrete installers use steel bars for structural support in reinforced concrete. The distance between the top of the rebar and the top of the finished concrete, or concrete cover, is important for durability and performance. The amount of concrete cover required varies based on factors such as seismic activity, weather conditions, and structure type. Local […]
Hydraulic oil powers systems in various applications, including automobiles, aircraft, and construction equipment. Different fluids and base oil stocks are used, and biodegradable forms are used in environmentally sensitive areas. Hydraulic systems require a power source, and pumps and motors come in various sizes. Special additives are used in aircraft hydraulic oil to withstand temperature […]
Polypropylene pipe is a cost-effective and durable material used in industrial settings due to its chemical and thermal resistance. It is also used in residential and commercial waste streams. It is primarily isotactic and can handle caustic streams, but not strong oxidizing agents. It is also used for conveying distilled water and in heating and […]
Ratchet jacks use incremental force to lift heavy objects and come in various shapes and designs. They are made of heavy-duty steel and can hold up to 20 tons. They are used in construction, mining, and storage facilities, and comply with OSHA standards for safety. A ratchet jack is a tool that lifts a heavy […]
The dynamo is an electrical generator that produces direct current using a commutator. It was first used for industry, but was quickly replaced by other generators due to inefficiencies. It is based on Faraday’s law of induction and was the first commercially useful electric generator. Dynamo is a word that once simply meant an electrical […]
Clear span is an open space without structural supports, allowing for flexible stacking. Design considerations are important for industrial buildings, as pillars can limit usability. Builders measure distances and use larger supports to distribute weight evenly. Clearing out is important for storage and movement. A clear span is an open area with no structural supports […]
Water abstraction is the artificial removal of water from its natural environment for various purposes. Methods include drilling wells, irrigation, and pumping. Regulations are necessary to prevent negative consequences such as depletion of water sources and damage to natural bodies of water. Water abstraction is a term used to define the process by which water […]
Disc mills are machines used for crushing or grinding materials, ranging from small laboratory models to large industrial machines. They consist of rotating steel plates with smooth or serrated edges, and can have blades or spikes attached. They are used in agriculture, food and chemical processing, mining, and recycling. They are more powerful than hammer […]
A reflectometer measures light intensity through a solution or object as a function of wavelength. It consists of a spectrometer and photometer, and is used to measure reflectivity and diffusivity. Reflectometers are used in industry and education, with the Spectronic 20 being a common type. Beer’s law is used to find the proportional relationship between […]
Metal lathe tools are designed for specific applications, including cutting, shaping, threading, and finishing steel. Different tools are needed for different tasks, and dull tools will produce lower quality results. Most tools come in right and left-hand styles and can be made of carbide, tungsten, or steel. Boring tools and spindles are common, and even […]
Air registers move air into or out of a room as part of the HVAC system. They can be installed in ceilings, floors, or walls, and feature vents that determine airflow. They come in various materials and finishes, and require cleaning to maintain performance. Damaged or clogged registers are easily replaced. An air register is […]
An environmental coordinator formulates, researches, and implements environmental policies. They work in various contexts, such as government offices, companies, and organizations. They require excellent communication skills and a bachelor’s degree in environmental science or a related subject. An environmental coordinator is a person responsible for the formulation, research and implementation of environmental policies. Environmental Coordinators […]
Wood energy is the use of wood as a fuel source, which can be burned for space heating, cooking, and mechanical energy. It supplies 14% of the world’s energy needs, with developing countries relying on it more. The United Nations has formulated sustainable wood energy plans to help these countries maintain energy independence while developing […]
Scale calibration ensures accuracy. Commercial scales need calibration every few weeks or months, while home scales can go longer. Inaccuracies can occur due to wear or environmental factors. Calibration is done using known weights and adjusting the scale. Multiple weights are used to confirm accuracy. Tare calibration is used to weigh goods in containers without […]
A bill of lading confirms receipt of goods, indicating the ship, destination, and terms of transport. Inland, ocean, through, and air waybills cover different types of transport. Negotiable bills of lading allow ownership and rerouting, while non-negotiable bills are delivered only to the named consignee. A bill of lading is a type of document used […]
Tube shields are used to filter out radio frequency interference (RFI) from vacuum tubes in electronic circuits. They work like a Faraday cage, absorbing and cancelling interference. Tube shields come in various designs and act as a heat sink, dissipating thermal energy. They are particularly useful for high-gain tubes and reduce the amplifier’s noise floor. […]
Metal milling shapes, cuts, and punches metal parts using milling machines. Newer technology uses computer numerical control (CNC) processes. Metal milling is a crucial component of manufacturing metal products and employs around 70 million people worldwide. The process can produce flat surfaces or complex three-dimensional shapes using various cutting bits. It is an expensive process […]
Magnetite is a common iron oxide mineral used as a valuable iron ore and for many other purposes, including abrasives, water treatment, catalysts, pigments, and high-density concrete. It is the most magnetic mineral found in nature and led to the first discovery and understanding of magnetism. Large quantities of magnetite are mined and turned into […]
