Computer forensics specialists collect and analyze data from computers and electronic media for use as legal evidence in criminal investigations. They work in law enforcement, the military, intelligence, law firms, and corporations. A bachelor’s degree in computer science is required, and certifications are available. Knowledge of operating systems, digital storage media, networking, routing, and computer security is essential. Job prospects are strong due to the increase in computer crimes.
A computer forensics specialist is an information technology professional who collects and analyzes data from computers and electronic media to be used as legal evidence in criminal investigations. This individual specializes in recovering data such as email, business correspondence and other files – even deleted files – ensuring that nothing on the computer system is altered or destroyed. They can also investigate hackers, malicious software distribution or even terrorism. They are often called upon to testify in trials where computer forensic evidence is presented.
Computer forensics specialists usually work in law enforcement. They may work with local police departments or larger regional law enforcement agencies. Some work in the military or intelligence. Law firms and large corporations also sometimes hire computer forensics specialists. They may work with private companies that provide digital forensic services on a contract basis. An independent computer forensics specialist can work as a freelancer.
Typically, a computer forensics specialist has at least a bachelor’s degree in computer science. Many have an advanced degree in a related field, such as criminology, law or criminal justice. Some have specific degrees in computer forensics; in addition to intensive computer studies, these degree programs often offer courses in cybercrime and investigative methods. Some computer forensics specialists also participate in law enforcement internships.
There are many different certifications offered in computer forensics, information security, or digital forensics. Some are very specific, focusing on a specific area of inquiry, while others are more general and cover a wide range of topics. These certifications are available through academic institutions, professional organizations and certification companies. Some certifications can be completed partially or completely online. Almost all require a test to prove proficiency.
A broad knowledge of various operating systems and their architecture is essential for a computer forensics specialist. It’s important to have experience with digital storage media, from CDs and DVDs to hard drives, USB drives, and even cell phones and PDAs. Increasingly, computer forensics specialists must also be experts in networking and routing in order to investigate Internet-related crimes. A good knowledge of computer security methods is also important. In some jurisdictions, computer forensics specialists are required to be licensed.
Job prospects for anyone wanting to become a computer forensics specialist are strong. The sharp increase in computer crimes in recent years has led to a huge demand for qualified professionals in the field. This demand is likely to continue.
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