Juvenile diabetes is not common, but it is on the rise globally. Southeast Asia has the highest prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children, while Canada has the sixth-highest rate. The International Diabetes Foundation estimates that 76,000 children under 15 develop type 1 diabetes annually, and type 2 diabetes is generally increasing in all countries and economic classes. The Middle East and North Africa have the highest prevalence of diabetes due to population aging and socioeconomic and cultural changes. Research is limited in Africa and the western Pacific region.
Diabetes in children is not particularly common, but many say it is on the rise worldwide. In the United States, about 0.2 percent of children under age 20 have diabetes. While many researchers conclude that the disease tends to have a higher prevalence in less economically developed countries, this is not necessarily directly related to the frequency of juvenile diabetes for these countries for many reasons such as limitations in research. According to the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF), the Southeast Asia region has the highest prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14, with the Western Pacific having the lowest prevalence.
The American Diabetes Association, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other organizations, produces a national diabetes fact sheet annually. They estimate that the proportion of individuals under the age of 20 who have been diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes is about 0.26% of the entire age group, but they were unable to provide an estimate. adequate for undiagnosed cases of diabetes for this age group. Additionally, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation concludes that Canada has the world’s sixth-highest rate of diabetes in children aged 14 and younger.
The IDF estimates that, globally, about 76,000 children 15 years of age and younger are newly developing type 1 diabetes per year, an annual rate of increase of 3%. There is significantly less comprehensive research available on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children worldwide, although the IDF says it is generally increasing in all countries and all economic classes. The foundation estimates about 18.3 thousand newly diagnosed cases per year for Southeast Asia, one of the most populated regions in the world. Europe is getting closer, with an estimated 17.1 thousand newly diagnosed cases per year. The North America and Caribbean region, which primarily includes those living in Mexico, the United States and Canada, has the third-highest incidence rate, averaging approximately 14.7 thousand newly diagnosed cases annually.
The foundation estimates that the Middle East and North Africa have about 9.1 thousand new cases diagnosed each year. The group attributes population aging combined with socioeconomic and cultural changes to countries in this region with the highest prevalence of diabetes. Africa is estimated to have about 6.1 thousand newly diagnosed cases annually, but health research in this region tends to focus primarily on infectious diseases, limiting the amount of research available for diabetes.
South and Central America end up having about 5.8 thousand new cases of diabetes in children per year. The IDF estimates that the western Pacific region has approximately 4.9 thousand newly diagnosed cases annually. The foundation said research is limited for this region, as much health policy is concerned about infectious diseases and many of these areas lack government that is conscientious and informed about the severity of diabetes.
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