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Metabolic disorders, which result in obesity and unwanted weight gain, often lead to diabetes. Both conditions are treated with similar methods such as diet, exercise, and insulin therapy. Excess fat prevents cells from responding to insulin, causing glucose to be stored as fat. Proper diet and exercise can reduce stored fat and increase insulin sensitivity.
Metabolism is the chemical process the body uses to break down substances, such as nutrients and calories, from food and use them for energy and repair. A malfunction of normal metabolism that results in obesity and unwanted weight gain is often classified as a metabolic disorder. The most common symptom of a metabolic disorder is diabetes, when the body is unable to effectively metabolize, break down, or use blood sugar energy. Diabetes and metabolic disorders often go hand in hand and are treated with many of the same methods, such as diet, exercise and insulin therapy.
The first link between diabetes and metabolic disorders is that people suffering from both conditions are often overweight and accumulate harmful fat around the midsection. When excess fat builds up within the body, it’s often the result of both excess calories combined with inefficient use of those calories. If a meal consists of carbohydrates, the calories from those carbohydrates break down into glucose, which cells crave and thrive on for energy use. Being overweight, however, prevents this from happening, as excess fat prevents cells from responding appropriately to a hormone called insulin.
Insulin is a hormone that helps bring carbohydrates from glucose into the body’s cells to be used for energy. In both diabetes and metabolic disorders, these cells respond abnormally to the effect of insulin and cannot absorb this energy. Excess glucose, if not used for energy in cell metabolism, is stored as fat and continues to deepen insulin insensitivity and glycemic instability. Many patients suffering from diabetes and metabolic disorders often experience a lack of energy and motivation due to ineffective use of energy derived from food.
Because diabetes and metabolic disorders are strongly linked, primarily due to the fact that diabetes is often a symptom of a metabolic disorder, the treatments for both are quite similar. Diabetic patients, and often patients with a metabolic disorder, likely inject insulin into the bloodstream, either before or after a meal, to increase the effectiveness of glucose uptake into cells. Exercise is also an important component in the treatment of both disorders, as it helps reduce stored fat and increase insulin sensitivity to cells. Increased fibrous carbohydrates, such as those from vegetables, can also cause slower blood sugar spikes, so a proper diet that avoids sugar and refined carbohydrates can be beneficial for most patients.
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