Biology encompasses the study of all living things, with job opportunities in research, pharmaceuticals, teaching, and conservation. Specializations include population ecology, genetics, and biophysics, with advanced degrees required for most positions.
Biology is a vast scientific field that incorporates the study of all aspects of the living world. Expert scientists examine plants, animals and microorganisms to learn more about the structures, functions, history and behaviors of living things. Biologist work is available in dozens of different fields of research, pharmaceutical development, teaching, and conservation efforts. An individual interested in biologist work can determine the levels of education and experience needed to find jobs in different contexts, such as research laboratories or biotechnology companies.
A research biologist usually studies microorganisms, plants or animals. Most scientists specialize further by focusing on population ecology, marine science, genetics, cell studies, biophysics, or a number of other highly specific fields. Research biologist work usually involves field observations, where a scientist spends time in a specific area to examine species and collect samples. Laboratory research involves careful inspection and analysis of field samples. Scientists design, perform, and replicate detailed experiments to solidify theories, and then publish comprehensive scientific papers to document their findings.
Many specialist microbiologists work in the research and development divisions of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. A biologist can analyze a certain bacteria or virus and develop effective drugs to stop the disease from spreading. Many scientists are involved in the development of pharmaceuticals to combat complex medical issues such as cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. Professionals from biotechnology companies investigate biological substances and apply their knowledge to the study of bioinformatics, agricultural sciences, food preservation and cleaning products, among countless other areas of interest.
An experienced biologist who has a desire to more directly impact humans and other living things might decide to become a teacher or conservationist. Biology professors and professors work in public and private institutions, where they design curricula and provide classroom and laboratory instruction. Conservation biologists often work for government agencies or nonprofit groups to educate the public about the importance of sustainability and environmental protection. They may give speeches, write informative articles and books, or oversee areas in need of preservation. Many educators and conservation workers conduct important research in addition to their specific job roles.
Most types of independent biologist jobs require advanced degrees in the biological sciences. Researchers typically hold doctorates in their specialties, such as botany, microbiology, or zoology. People who work as research assistants in laboratory or field settings often hold a bachelor’s or master’s degree. Some students are able to work as interns or assistants while they attend college in order to gain experience and prepare for independent biologist work. College professors and secondary biology professors often hold advanced degrees and education credentials.
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