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Computer chips are thin wafers containing circuitry that drive modern devices. CPUs are the backbone of most computer systems, GPUs output data to monitors, RAM temporarily stores data, and custom chips drive many electronic devices.
Computer chips are thin semiconductor wafers containing the circuitry that drives most modern computer devices. These chips can range in size from the tiny processors that run smartphones and personal data assistants (PDAs) to the larger components that are the building blocks of the personal computer. In most devices, the chips are installed on a larger circuit that connects them to each other. Common types of computer chips include central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), random access memory (RAM) sticks, and custom chips designed to run devices such as digital cameras, music players, and other electronic devices of consumption.
CPUs are the backbone of most computer systems. On desktop and laptop computers, the CPU fits into a large slot on the computer’s motherboard and allows users to perform everyday computing tasks such as word processing. These types of computer chips tend to generate a significant amount of heat and usually use some sort of cooling system with fans or heat sinks. Portable devices such as smartphones use small and energy efficient CPUs to fit into the smallest form factor.
Also known as video cards, GPUs are responsible for outputting data to a computer monitor. While graphics processing is a discrete function on many systems, some CPUs have the ability to provide integrated graphics, which can perform basic video output tasks. Users interested in gaming or using multiple monitors will still need to install a dedicated GPU in their system. Some of the more powerful GPUs require their own connection to the power supply and have their own cooling systems.
RAM is another important type of computer chip for most systems. RAM allows your computer to temporarily store data so that it can be used quickly by the CPU. This type of memory can help speed up computing-intensive tasks like video editing and encoding. Many computers have RAM expansion slots so the user can purchase additional memory in the future or swap out existing chips for more powerful upgrades.
Custom computer chips drive many consumer electronic devices that aren’t necessarily considered computers. Various appliances such as HDTVs, washing machines, and cell phones use chips to perform basic functions, as well as manage advancements such as energy-saving options and different types of sensors. Newer automobiles may use different types of computer chips to monitor engine condition and to enhance safety features such as airbags.
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