CFCs were developed in the 1930s as a safer alternative for refrigeration and aerosol cans. They contain non-toxic and non-flammable compounds, but their constant use has harmed the ozone layer and contributed to global warming. The presence of chlorine breaks down the ozone layer, while carbon intensifies global warming. Some countries have banned their use.
Chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, are chemical compounds developed as an alternative to more hazardous chemicals for a variety of applications. They were developed in the 1930s for use primarily in refrigeration and as a propellant substance in products such as aerosol cans. However, while they pose a minor threat to individuals, they can pose an indirect threat to the global environment.
CFCs contain different organic compounds and the formulas can vary. However, the most common organic compounds used are carbon, fluorine, chlorine and hydrogen. These compounds are non-toxic and non-flammable, making them ideal for use as propellants and other household uses. One of the trade names for CFCs is Freon, which is used as a refrigerant not only for refrigerators but for air conditioners, both in vehicles and homes.
CFCs, after their creation in the 1930s, quickly became the product of choice for many manufacturers. However, as CFCs have increased their presence in the market, many have not realized how bad they are for some parts of the environment. Therefore, the constant use of the chemicals over the years has started to take its toll, particularly on the ozone layer, a layer of the earth’s atmosphere that helps deflect ultraviolet (UV) rays. Furthermore, CFCs also contribute to global warming. Because of these problems, some countries, such as the United States, have largely banned the use of CFCs.
The ozone layer is a very vulnerable, yet vital part of protecting the Earth against the sun’s harmful UV rays. Many people are referring to an ozone “hole” that has developed over parts of the southern hemisphere, particularly near and over Antarctica. Those who live in the southern tip of South America, South Australia and similar latitudes have noticed an increase in the harmful effects of stronger UV rays, including more cases of skin cancer and vision problems.
The reason CFCs are so harmful to the ozone layer is due to the presence of chlorine which is part of the compound. The sun’s rays work to break down the CFCs that are released into the atmosphere and the chlorine, which is not normally present in the atmosphere in very high concentrations, begins to break down the ozone layer. CFCs have a lifetime in the atmosphere of 20 to 100 years, meaning that harmful effects can be felt for decades.
The harmful element that works in regards to global warming is carbon. Carbon helps keep heat in the atmosphere, refusing to allow it to reflect back into space. As carbon is broken down into CFCs, the effects of global warming are intensified.
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