A dirt conveyor uses belts and pulleys to move soil from one location to another. It features cleats to prevent soil from falling back and a hydraulic lift for height adjustment. The trough prevents spillage, and sealed bearings ensure smooth movement.
A dirt conveyor is a system specifically designed to move dirt or soil from one specific location to another using a system of belts and pulleys. Many dirt hauling systems are portable and can be towed by a truck or other towing vehicle, so they need to be fairly compact and easy to maneuver. The belt itself will differ from other conveyor belts in its design: it will feature vertical stops known as cleats to prevent dirt from falling backwards along the conveyor system when it is placed on an incline.
Most dirt conveyor systems feature some sort of hydraulic lift that allows the user to raise or lower one end of the conveyor. This means that the user can effectively transport the dirt to a higher or lower position. The studs, which can be made of rubber or metal, will create a series of depressions along the belt, in which the soil can be easily discharged and moved along the track. The width of the belt and the height of the cleats usually determine how much material can be moved by the dirt conveyor at one time; wider belts and taller studs allow you to move more material.
A series of sidewalls will form a depression on either side of the dirt conveyor belt. This trough is usually made from steel for durability and strength. The trough prevents materials from flowing out the side of the conveyor system during operation, making the system more efficient and less sloppy. The trough may or may not be a structural element of the dirt conveyor; most conveyors will feature a steel frame welded to the outside of the channel for rigidity, and the sheaves that make up the conveyor system will be mounted to this frame. The belt will wrap around the pulleys and the two end pulleys can be adjusted so the belt tension can be changed quickly and easily.
The pulleys shall be fitted with sealed bearings to allow free and easy movement of the cylinders. This is important because dirt could otherwise enter the bearings, thereby increasing the rate at which the bearings wear out and require replacement. Sealed bearings are lubricated with grease and then hermetically sealed so that dirt cannot penetrate. Once the bearings wear out, they can simply be replaced with new ones. Sometimes only the end sheaves will have sealed bearings, while on other systems, all sheaves or cylinders will have sealed bearings.
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