A diving compressor fills tanks with breathing gas or feeds divers via an umbilical cord. It contains a three- or four-stage air compressor and filters to ensure pure gas. Different breathing gas mixtures are required for deep dives, which can be created with a mixer.
A diving compressor is a machine capable of filling tanks with breathing gas or directly feeding divers via an umbilical cord. These devices can be portable or permanently installed and are powered by electric or gas-powered motors. The main component of a dive compressor is typically a three- or four-stage air compressor, although it also typically contains a variety of filters. This is because the breathing gas must be exceptionally pure, so there must be no significant contamination from lubricating oil, carbon monoxide or water. The other component often found in a diving compressor is a mixing pad, which is used to introduce various gases such as nitrogen and helium to create different breathing gas mixtures.
There are two different ways to supply people with breathable air when they are underwater for long periods of time, and both require a scuba compressor at some point. One of the common methods of supplying divers with breathable air is tanks, which divers carry with them. These tanks differ in both size and composition and can hold varying amounts of breathing gas depending on the application. To purify the air and fill a tank with it, you need an underwater compressor. The same is true for surface divers, who get their air directly from a compressor on land or on a ship.
To fill tanks or pump breathing gas underwater, a diving compressor typically must include a three- or four-stage air compressor designed specifically for that purpose. Unlike other air compressors, these devices have safeguards to prevent contaminants from entering the compressed respiratory gas. Several filtration methods are usually employed to prevent lubricating oil, water and carbon monoxide from entering the breathing gas, as these contaminants can present problems for divers. Some simple surface diving operations use compressors that are salvaged from other sources, which can lead to increased health risks for divers.
Beyond certain depths, special breathing gas mixtures are generally required to ensure diver safety. Some common mixtures include trimix, which is made up of oxygen, nitrogen and helium, and heliox which is made up of helium and oxygen. Underwater compressors are sometimes able to take these component gases from storage cylinders and combine them in the necessary ratios. This is usually accomplished with the help of a mixer. In some cases, surface supplied divers will receive air from shipboard breathing gas tanks that contain these premixed blends.
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