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Task analysis studies the mental and physical processes involved in performing a specific task, and is used in business contexts to define activities and procedures. It can improve productivity, human reliability, and decision-making. Task analysis is related to cognitive psychology and ergonomics, and is often presented as a flowchart.
Task analysis is the study of the mental and physical processes that are involved in performing a specific task. A variety of different factors factor into successful task analysis, including how long the activity takes and how often it is performed, what the environment is like, and how difficult the activity is. It is predominantly used in business contexts, especially in business process mapping and business process modeling, two fields of study that seek to define the activities and procedures involved in a business or a particular job.
A comprehensive activity analysis can present important findings on how well an existing system works. Efficient workflow and information transmission are vital to the success of any system, be it a business, club, organization or school. Activity analysis illuminates issues related to productivity, human reliability, planning and decision making and can help improve a group’s current operating system.
Task analysis is related to several forms of psychology, including cognitive psychology and cognitive ergonomics. Both of these fields aim to understand the cognitive processes at work in the mind when specific tasks are undertaken. Cognitive psychology seeks a broader view of mental practices while cognitive ergonomics focuses on mental practices within the workplace. These two areas are very important in developing successful task analysis.
Job analysis, detailing various aspects of a given job, is a frequent responsibility that involves task analysis. This situation can be used when hiring new employees or evaluating current ones. It can also highlight the need for future changes to the position or the organization itself.
A task analysis is undertaken by a ‘task decomposition’ process. It involves identifying the major tasks of a position and then breaking them down into smaller and smaller tasks to include even the smallest details and thought processes. An activity analysis can be as comprehensive as needed and can cover everything from essential functions to dress code.
While often written in a step-by-step format, many find task analysis easier to present and understand when mapped out as a diagram or flowchart. This allows the person conducting the analysis to literally illustrate the progression of the processes involved in completing a task. Flowcharts can be created in a variety of styles to fit the analysis being presented and often give a clear picture of what it takes to get a specific job done.
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